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Spread Trade Examples

To help you understand the different functions of Spread Trading and how you can make and lose money, we have set out some practical examples of Spread Trading below.

Example: Profit-Making (long)

The current market price for the UK100 is 5998/6000.

You believe that the price of the UK100 will strengthen (rise in value) and you want to go long (buy). You decide to stake £5 per point and you buy the UK100 at 6000.

The margin required to enter into this trade is 30 (the NTR for the UK 100) x £5 = £150.

The price of the UK100 rises to 6020/6023. You were right to buy as the UK100 has risen higher than your opening trade price. You decide to close the trade by selling the UK100 at 6020.

Your profit from the trade is (6020 – 6000) x 5 = £100

Example: Profit-Making (short)

The current market price for the UK100 is 5997/5999.

You believe that the price of the UK100 will weaken (fall in value) and you decide to go short (sell). You decide to stake £5 per point and you sell the UK100 at 5997.

The margin required to enter into this trade is 30 x £5 = £150.

The price of the UK100 falls to 5946/5948. You were right to sell as the UK100 has fallen below your opening trade price. You decide to close the trade by buying back the UK100 at 5948.

Your profit from the trade is (5997 – 5948) x 5 = £245.

Example: Loss-Making (long)

The current market price for the UK100 is 5998/6000.

You believe that the price of the UK100 will strengthen (rise in value) and you decide to go long (buy). You decide to stake £5 per point and you buy the UK100 at 6000.

The margin required to enter into this trade is 30 x £5 = £150.

The price of the UK100 falls to 5945/5947. You were incorrect to buy as the UK100 has fallen lower than your opening trade price. You decide to close the trade by selling the UK100 at 5945.

Your loss from the trade is (5945 – 6000) x 5 = -£275

Example: Loss-Making (short)

The current market price for the UK100 is 5997/5999.

You believe that the price of the UK100 will weaken (fall in value) and you decide to go short (sell). You decide to stake £5 per point and you sell the UK100 at 5997.

The margin required to enter into this trade is 30 x £5 = £150.

The price of the UK100 rises to 6016/6018. You were incorrect to sell as the UK100 has risen higher than your opening trade price. You decide to close the trade by placing a trade to buy back the UK100 at 6018.

Your loss from the trade is (5997 – 6018) x 5 = -£105.

Example: Margin Call - Loss-Making (short)

The current market price for Spot Gold is 872.10/60.

You have £1,000 cash in your account and you believe that the price of Spot Gold will weaken (fall in value). You decide to go short (sell). You decide to stake £5 per point and you sell Spot Gold at 872.10.

The margin required to enter into this trade is 100 (the NTR for Spot Gold) x £5 = £500

The price of Spot Gold rises to 997.10/60. Your real time loss at this moment is (trade price – current buy price) x stake = (872.10 – 997.60) x 5 = -£627.50

The account valuation is £1,000 - £627.50 = £372.50. As the account valuation (£372.50) is below the margin requirement (£500), a margin call is triggered.

You are required to top up the difference of £127.50 (£500 - £372.50) or reduce your position.

Example: Financing Charges, Profit-Making (long)

The current market price for UK100 is 5997/5999.

You believe that the price of UK100 will strengthen (rise in value) and you decide to go long (buy). You decide to stake £5 per point and you buy UK100 at 5999.

The margin required to enter into this trade is 30 (the NTR for UK100) x £5 = £150.

You decide to hold the position open overnight. The price of UK100 closes at 6000 at the end of the day. Since you are holding a long position open overnight, you will be subject to a financing charge. The financing charge for one day = (Closing Price x Financing Interest Rate)/Days in the calendar year.

Assuming that the financing interest for UK100 is 2.25% p.a. (UK100 interest rate of 2% p.a. + 0.25% p.a. haircut), financing charge for your UK100 trade will be (6000 x 2.25%)/365 days = 0.369863.

The financing charge will be added to your opening trade price of 5999. Your adjusted traded price will therefore be 5999 + 0.369863 = 5999.369863.

On the next day, the price of UK100 opens and rises to 6020/21. You were right to buy as UK100 has risen higher than your opening trade price.

You decided to close the position to collect your profits and sell at 6020.

Your profit from the trade is (6020 – 5999.369863) x 5 = £103.15.

Example: Financing Credits, Loss-Making (short)

The current market price for UK100 is 5997/5999.

You believe that the price of UK100 will weaken (fall in value) and you decide to go short (sell).

You decide to stake £5 per point and you sell UK100 at 5997. The margin required is 30 (the NTR for UK100) x £5 = £150.

You decide to hold the position open overnight. The price of UK100 closes at 5980. Since you are holding a short position open overnight, you will receive a financing credit. The financing credit for one day = (Closing Price x Financing Interest Rate)/Days in the calendar year.

Assuming that the financing interest for UK100 is 1.75% p.a. (UK100 interest rate of 2% p.a. – 0.25% p.a. haircut), the financing credit for your UK100 trade will be (5980 x 1.75%)/365 days = 0.286712.

The financing credit will be added to your opening trade price of 5997. Your adjusted traded price will therefore be 5997 + 0.286712 = 5997.286712.

On the next day, the price of UK100 opens and rises to 6020/6021. You were incorrect to sell as UK100 has risen higher than your opening trade price.

You decide to close the trade to realise your losses and buy at 6021.

Your loss from the trade is (5997.286712 – 6021) x 5 = -£118.57.

Example: Rollover Interest Credits, Profit-Making (long)

The current market price for GBPUSD is 1.4700/02.

You believe that the price of GBPUSD will strengthen (rise in value) and you decide to go long (buy). You decide to stake £5 per point and you buy GBPUSD at 1.4702.

The margin required to enter into this trade is 100 (the NTR for GBPUSD) x £5 = £500.

You decide to hold the position open overnight. The price of GBPUSD closes at 1.4720 at the end of the day. Since you are holding a long position on GBPUSD, you will receive a rollover interest financing credit. The rollover credit for one day = (Closing Price x Interest Rate differential between the currency pair)/Days in the calendar year.

Assuming that the interest rate for GBP is 2.5% p.a. and USD is 0.5% p.a (2.5% - 0.5% - 0.25% p.a. haircut), the rollover interest financing credit for your GBPUSD trade will be (1.4720 x 1.75%)/365 days = 0.000071

The rollover interest financing credit will be deducted from your opening trade price of 1.4702. Your adjusted traded price will therefore be 1.4702 - 0.000071 = 1.470129

On the next day, the price of GBPUSD opens and rises to 1.4750/52. You were right to buy as GBPUSD has risen higher than your opening trade price.

You decide to close the position to collect your profits and sell at 1.4750.

Your profit from the trade is (1.4750 – 1.470129) x 5 = £243.55.

Example: Rollover Interest Debit, Loss-Making (short)

The current market price for GBPUSD is 1.4700/02.

You believe that the price of GBPUSD will weaken (fall in value) and you decide to go short (sell).

You decide to stake £5 per point and you sell GBPUSD at 1.4700. The margin required is 30 (the NTR for UK100) x £5 = £150.

You decide to hold the position open overnight. The price of GBPUSD closes at 1.4720. Since you are holding a short position on GBPUSD, you will be subject to a rollover interest financing charge. The financing charges for one day = (Closing Price x Interest Rate differential between the currency pair)/Days in the calendar year.

Assuming that the interest rate for GBP is 2.5% p.a. and USD is 0.5% p.a (2.5% - 0.5% + 0.25% p.a. haircut), the rollover interest financing charges for your GBPUSD trade will be (1.4720 x 2.25%)/365 days = 0.000091.

The rollover interest financing charges will be deducted from your opening trade price of 1.4700. Your adjusted traded price will therefore be 1.4700 - 0.000091 = 1.469909.

On the next day, the price of GBPUSD opens and rises to 1.4750/52. You were incorrect to sell as GBPUSD has risen higher than your opening trade price.

You decide to close the trade to realise your losses and buy at 1.4752.

Your loss from the trade is (1.469909 – 1.4752) x 5 = -£264.55.

Example: Dividend Credits, Profit-Making (long)

The current market price for Vodafone shares is 151.83/152.13.

You believe that the price of Vodafone will strengthen (rise in value) and you decide to go long (buy). You decide to stake £5 per point and buy Vodafone at 152.13.

You decide to hold the position open overnight. Vodafone declares a 15p dividend. As it is the close of business the day prior to the ex-dividend event, you are entitled to receive the dividend. Your trade price will be adjusted to reflect the receipt of the dividend.

Spread Co will pay you 90% of the dividend payment, therefore in this instance you will be paid 13.5p (15p x 90%). Your trade price will be adjusted to 152.13 – 13.5 = 138.63.

On the next day, the price of Vodafone opens and rises to 152.25/55. You were right to buy Vodafone as the price has risen higher than your opening trade price.

You decide to close the position to realise your profit and sell at 152.25. Your profit from the trade is (152.25 – 138.63) x 5 = £68.10.

Example: Dividend Charges, Loss-Making (short)

The current market price for Vodafone shares is 151.83/152.13.

You believe that the price of Vodafone will weaken (fall in value) and you decide to go short (sell). You decide to stake £5 per point and you sell Vodafone at 151.83. You decide to hold the position open overnight. Vodafone declares a 15p dividend. As it is the close of business the day prior to the ex-dividend event, you are required to make a dividend payment. Your trade price will be adjusted to reflect the dividend payment.

The dividend that you pay is therefore 15p. Your trade price will be adjusted to 151.83 – 15 = 136.83.

On the next day, the price of Vodafone opens and rises to 152.25/55. You were incorrect to buy Vodafone as the price has risen higher than your opening trade price.

You decide to close the trade to realise your loss and buy back at 152.55. Your loss from the trade is (136.83 – 152.55) x £5 = -£78.60.

Example: Limited Risk Account Order Triggered, Loss-Making (long)

The current market price for the UK100 is 5350/5354 including the additional premium for placing a Limited Risk Account trade.

You believe that the price of the UK100 will strengthen (rise in value) and you decide to go long (buy). You decide to stake £5 per point and you buy the UK100 at 5354 and decide that you wish the guaranteed stop order to be placed 30 points away from the buy price of 5354. A guaranteed stop order will be placed at 5324 (5354 – 30 = 5324). Should the market move to this level, your position will automatically be closed at 5324.

Because a guaranteed stop order is attached to this trade, the margin required to place this trade is equal to the maximum you can lose on this trade and is calculated by multiplying your stake (£5) by the number of points you selected for your guaranteed stop order (30). Therefore in this example, the stake is £5 and the stop distance is 30 points creating a margin requirement of £150 (£5 x 30 = £150). The maximum you can lose on this trade is £150.

The price of the UK100 falls to 5324/26. You were incorrect to buy as the UK100 has fallen lower than your opening trade price. Your guaranteed stop order is triggered and you sell the UK100 at 5324.

You have closed your trade and your loss from the trade is (5324 - 5354)*5 =£150.

Example: Limited Risk Account Order Triggered, Loss-Making (short)

The current market price for the UK100 is 5040/5044 including the additional premium for placing a Limited Risk Account trade.

You believe that the price of the UK100 will weaken (fall in value) and you decide to go short (sell). You decide to stake £5 per point and you place a trade to sell the UK100 at 5040 and decide that you wish the guaranteed stop order to be placed 30 points away from the sell price of 5040. A guaranteed stop order will be placed at 5070 (5040 + 30 = 5070). Should the market move to this level, your position will automatically be closed at 5070.

Because a guaranteed stop order is attached to this trade, the margin required to place this trade is equal to the maximum you can lose on this trade and is calculated by multiplying your stake (£5) by the number of points you selected for your guaranteed stop order (30). Therefore in this example, the stake is £5 and the stop distance is 30 points creating a margin requirement of £150 (£5 x 30 = £150). The maximum you can lose on this trade is £150.

The price of the UK100 rises to 5068/5070. You were incorrect to sell as the UK100 has risen higher than your opening trade price. Your guaranteed stop order is triggered and you buy the UK100 back at 5070.

You have closed your trade and your loss from the trade is (5040 – 5070)*5 = £150.

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